Integrating Islam and science in curriculum and instruction: A case study at Al-Falah pesantren, Pamekasan

Sholihin Sholihin; Zainuddin Syarif; Nor Hasan; Rudy Haryanto

doi:10.30862/jri.v6i2.42

Authors

Sholihin Sholihin Universitas Islam Negeri Madura, Indonesia Author
Zainuddin Syarif Universitas Islam Negeri Madura, Indonesia Author
Nor Hasan Universitas Islam Negeri Madura, Indonesia Author
Rudy Haryanto Universitas Islam Negeri Madura, Indonesia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30862/jri.v6i2.42

Keywords:

Instructional practices, Islam–science integration, pesantren curriculum

Abstract

This study examines how Islam–science integration is formulated and enacted in the curriculum and instructional practices of Al-Falah Pesantren, Pamekasan. This study employed a qualitative single-case study design. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 15 informants, five observations of classroom and academic activities, and analysis of institutional documents, from March to May 2026. The findings show that integration operates through connected educational layers: a tawhid-based epistemological vision, a hybrid curriculum, classroom and laboratory learning, Bahtsul Masail, digital leadership, and institutional support. Integration became most visible when classical Islamic texts, Qur’anic reflection, empirical observation, scientific reasoning, and ethical judgment were jointly used to address authentic issues such as environmental care, laboratory discipline, health, digital transactions, and social responsibility. However, the implementation remained uneven across subjects and educational levels, particularly in teacher collaboration, interdisciplinary planning, integrative assessment, and institutional evaluation. The study's conclusion is that the coexistence of religious and science subjects does not automatically result in substantive integration unless the institutional vision is translated into curriculum content, teaching strategies, learning activities, and assessable competencies.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdullah, M. A. (2006). Islamic studies di perguruan tinggi: Pendekatan integratif-interkonektif. Pustaka Pelajar.

Abidin, H. (2025). Integration of Islam and Science in Interdisciplinary Islamic Studies. Ats-Tsaqofi: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Manajemen Islam, 7(1), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.61181/ats-tsaqofi.v6i2.527

Abidin, Z. (2020). Educational Management of Pesantren in Digital Era 4.0. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 17(2), 203–216. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.2020.172-07

Azizah, D., Rahmat, A., & Saifullah, I. (2025). The Role of Bahtsul Masail-Based Learning in Fiqh Lessons at Miftahul Huda 459 Rancabolang Garut Islamic Boarding School. AR-RASYID : Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 5(1), 96–106. https://doi.org/10.30596/arrasyid.v5i1.23959

Bahm, A. J. (1993). Axiology: The Science of Values. Rodopi

Bouncken, R. B., Czakon, W., & Schmitt, F. (2026). Purposeful sampling and saturation in qualitative research methodologies: Recommendations and review. Review of Managerial Science, 20(2), 579–615. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-025-00881-2

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide. SAGE

Cathrin, S., Wikandaru, R., Listiana, I., Ratnasari, D., Warsidah, W., Widyoningsih, W., Arif, M. B., & Indah, A. V. (2021). Harmonization of the Education Curriculum at Pesantren Al Falah Gorontalo: An Educational Philosophy Study. KnE Social Sciences, 436–450. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v6i2.10007

Chan, J., & Erduran, S. (2023). The Impact of Collaboration Between Science and Religious Education Teachers on Their Understanding and Views of Argumentation. Research in Science Education, 53(1), 121–137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-022-10041-1

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2017). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. SAGE Publications

Fauzi, A., Dawam, A. M., Hanafi, M. R., Zidni, I., & Rohim, A. R. (2024). Utilization Of Maktabah Syamilah As Digital Literacy Media In Understanding The Classical Book. International Seminar, 6, 1036–1042. https://conference.unita.ac.id/index.php/conference/article/view/297

Fogarty, R. J., & Pete, B. M. (2009). How to Integrate the Curricula. Corwin Press

Hakim, L. (2023). Pesantren as the Identity of Islamic and Cultural Education in West Java. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 15(4), 4578–4586. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i4.3369

Hamdanah, H., Baharun, H., Najiburrohman, N., Thohir, P. F. D. M., & Sanjani, M. A. F. (2025). The Role of Kiai Leadership and Service Quality in Shaping the Reputation of Pesantren. Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 6(4), 695–709. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v6i4.1785

Hasni, A., Bousadra, F., & Poulin, J.-É. (2012). Les liens interdisciplinaires vus par des enseignants de sciences et technologies et de mathématiques du secondaire au Québec. RDST. Recherches en didactique des sciences et des technologies, (5), 131-156. https://doi.org/10.4000/rdst.581

Hennink, M., & Kaiser, B. N. (2022). Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research: A systematic review of empirical tests. Social Science & Medicine, 292, 114523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114523

Huda, V. S., Kholifa, A. K., & Pratama, M. R. (2025). Integrasi Pendidikan Islam Dan Sain Dalam Dunia Pasantern Di Era 4.0. Arsy, 9 (2), 135–149. https://doi.org/10.32492/arsy.v9i2.9205

Hudri, S., Zaini, Z. A. H., & Mukaffan. (2023). Implementation of the Bahtsul Masa’il Method in Improving Ability to Read the Book of Fathul Qorib. Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v4i4.729

Husni, H., Firianto, F., Harto, K., & Astuti, M. (2025). Contemporary Islamic Education: Effective Strategies in Responding to Social and Cultural Challenges. Academia Open, 10(2), https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12831

Ibtihajuddin, M., Nur, I., Anshor, A. M., Mahfudz, A., & Mahmudah, R. (2025). Reconstructing Islamic Legal Epistemology: The Performative Logic of Ijtihād Irshādī in the Lajnah Bahtsul Masā’il of Pesantren Lirboyo. Justicia Islamica, 22(2), 461–488. https://doi.org/10.21154/justicia.v22i2.10927

Latjompoh, M., Gonibala, A., Ahmad, J., Al-Zou’bi, R. M., Alanazi, A. A., Fitriani Nasir, N. I. R., & Damopolii, I. (2025). Meaning-Based Learning: Integration of Islamic Values to Empower Students’ Moral Sensitivity in Science Learning. Educational Process International Journal, 17(1), e2025398. https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2025.17.398

Mahanis, J., & Witono, N. (2025). Exploring the Values of Integration of Islamic and Science Education: A Qualitative Approach in Contemporary Learning at Riau Islands High School. International Journal of Studies in International Education, 2(2), 68–76. https://doi.org/10.62951/ijsie.v2i2.279

McKim, C. (2023). Meaningful Member-Checking: A Structured Approach to Member-Checking. American Journal of Qualitative Research, 7(2), 41–52. https://www.ajqr.org/article/meaningful-member-checking-a-structured-approach-to-member-checking-12973

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2013). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. SAGE Publications

Mokodompit, A., Mas’ud, A., & Bakar, M. Y. A. (2025). The Tree of Knowledge Paradigm for Integrating Islam and Science: A Historical Study of Islamic Higher Education. Attadrib: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, 8(3), 752–767. https://doi.org/10.54069/attadrib.v8i3.1065

Mtisi, S. (2022). The Qualitative Case Study Research Strategy as Applied on a Rural Enterprise Development Doctoral Research Project. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 21, 16094069221145849. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069221145849

Musaddad, A. (2025). Synthesizing Tradition and Technology in Pesantren Curriculum: A Case Study at Pesantren Al-Falah Situbondo. Jurnal Al Burhan, 5(2), 392–411. https://doi.org/10.58988/jab.v5i2.630

Nuraini, A., Fathudin, & Ariyanti, R. (2025). Methodological Analysis of the Transformation of Contemporary Fiqh Muamalah Practices at Maahad Vokasional Aman Bistari Selangor. Al-Bayyinah, 9(2), 213–229. https://doi.org/10.30863/al-bayyinah.v9i2.10630

Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful Sampling for Qualitative Data Collection and Analysis in Mixed Method Implementation Research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 42(5), 533–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0528-y

Ramadina, E., Naim, N., & Akhyak, A. (2025). Models of Integrating Religion and Science in Islamic Religious Education Learning. IJoIS: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Studies, 6(2), 123–132. https://doi.org/10.59525/ijois.v6i2.1186

Riwanda, A., Abdurrohim, Widiyati, E., & Pranajaya, S. A. (2026). Science and Religion Integration in Indonesian Islamic Senior High Schools: Analyzing Teachers’ Pedagogical Practices. Science & Education, 35(1), 261–281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11191-025-00648-x

Rizki, A., & Rijal, S. (2026). Epistemological Foundations of Islamic Education: Bayani, Burhani, and Irfani. Al-Mudarris (Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Islam), 9(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.23971/mdr.v9i1.11002

Rohana, N. T., Ramdhan, T. W., & Hasan, M. (2026). Digital Pesantren Transformation Strategies Within The Modern Islamic Education Landscape: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) 2021–2026. Ar-Rasyid : Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 6(1), 49–62. https://doi.org/10.30596/arrasyid.v6i1.29917

Savana, O., & Sutiyono, A. (2025). Evaluation of Islamic Education Assessment Instruments for Differentiated Learning. Al Ulya: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 10(2), 187–199. https://doi.org/10.32665/alulya.v10i2.4929

Sayyi, A., Muslimin, A. A., Afandi, Fithriyah, I., Al-Manduriy, S. M., & Alanesi, A. S. H. G. (2025). Child-Friendly Education Model for Violence Prevention in Islamic Boarding Schools. Al-Hayat: Journal of Islamic Education, 9(4), 800–820. https://doi.org/10.35723/ajie.v9i4.187

Schlunegger, M. C., Zumstein-Shaha, M., & Palm, R. (2024). Methodologic and Data-Analysis Triangulation in Case Studies: A Scoping Review. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 46(8), 611–622. https://doi.org/10.1177/01939459241263011

Susandi, A., Solehudin, E., Anwar, S., & Sudrajat, D. (2025). The Role of Bahtsul Masail in the Development of Contemporary Islamic Jurisprudence in Indonesia: Peran Bahtsul Masail dalam Perkembangan Fikih Islam Kontemporer di Indonesia. BUSTANUL FUQAHA: Jurnal Bidang Hukum Islam, 6(3), 727–742. https://doi.org/10.36701/bustanul.v6i3.2315

Taquette, S. R., & Borges da Matta Souza, L. M. (2022). Ethical Dilemmas in Qualitative Research: A Critical Literature Review. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 21, 16094069221078731. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069221078731

Taufiq, A., & Suryo, D. (2024). Educational Development of Indonesian Pesantren in the Perspective of Anthony Giddens’ Duality Social Change. Tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education, 5(4), 765–784. https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v5i4.2365

Tran, D., & O’Connor, B. R. (2024). Teacher curriculum competence: How teachers act in curriculum making. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 56(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2023.2271541

Uwaisah, U. (2026). Epistemology and Hermeneutics of Islamic Religious Education in Madrasahs and Islamic Boarding Schools: Philosophical Reflections on the Integration of Faith, Reason, and Tradition. Tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education, 7(3), 776–791. https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v7i3.2975

Yin, R. K. (2017). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods. SAGE Publications.

Zahra, W. A. (2025). Quality Education through Pesantren, Madrasahs, and Islamic Schools in Globalization Dynamics: Pendidikan Berkualitas Melalui Pesantren, Madrasah, dan Sekolah Islam dalam Dinamika Globalisasi. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Studies, 13(3), 10.21070. https://doi.org/10.21070/ijis.v13i3.1776

Zarkasi, Elizabeth, M. Z., Ma’arif, S., Abdullah, I., Djamil, A., & Mas’ud, A. (2025). Literacy-based knowledge integration (AKMI) in Indonesian madrasahs. Discover Global Society, 3(1), 113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44282-025-00271-9

Zuhri, S., & Syamsi, A. (2023). Integration of Salaf Islamic Boarding School Education with Modern School Curriculum. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 103–116. https://doi.org/10.15408/tjems.v10i1.25577